Question 246 of 350 · Federal state and industrialisation
Why did many Swiss people emigrate in the 19th century?
Weshalb wanderten viele Schweizerinnen und Schweizer im 19. Jahrhundert aus?
Correct answer: C
Why
Crop failures, famines and a lack of work made many people poor. They looked for a better life in America.
Common mistakes
- A: Because they were politically persecuted in Switzerland.
- There were few political refugees; most emigrants left because of economic hardship.
- D: Because they were looking for adventure.
- For some it was an adventure, but the main reason for the big waves of emigration was poverty.
Topic
From agrarian state to industrial state
Around 1800, most people in Switzerland lived from agriculture. In the 19th century, Switzerland changed from an agrarian state into an industrial state. Industrialisation means: goods are made with machines in factories instead of by hand. The basis was an invention from England: the steam engine. In the 18th century, James Watt improved it so that it could drive machines in factories. This started industrialisation in Europe in the 19th century.
History of Switzerland · Federal state and industrialisation
Sources
Official question of the Canton of Zurich (Gemeindeamt, May 2025). Translation and explanation: Swiss Passport.